Deep varicose veins are a very unpleasant and quite dangerous lesion of the venous vessels of the circulatory system.
Deep venous varicose veins of the lower extremities is a pathology that spreads to the vessels that run in the muscular structures of the legs. The elongation and expansion of venous vessels significantly impairs blood flow and becomes the cause of the onset and progression of thrombosis.
The danger of this disease is the emergence of a high probability of detachment of a thrombus formed on the vessel wall and its transport to the pulmonary artery.
When this disease occurs, an irreversible process of lengthening and expansion of venous vessels occurs. As the process progresses, a thinning of the vein wall is observed and knots are formed, which hinder the free transport of blood through the vessels.
Most commonly, people aged 30 to 40 and older are prone to this disease.
The causes of the occurrence and development of the disease can be various adverse factors. Varicose veins are the result of a serious disruption of blood flow to a specific area of the lower extremities.
As the disease develops in the patient, trophic ulcers may appear instead of circulatory disorders, which can provoke the appearance of gangrene - a condition that requires amputation of the affected part of the limb.
In addition, VRV can cause deformation of the muscles of the lower extremities, and the formation of a thrombus, with its possible subsequent separation and transport to the pulmonary artery, can lead to death.
The main factors that contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder are:
In addition, the causes of the disease can be:
In addition, cellulite can become the cause of the development of pathology.
The timely detection of the disease enables a qualified Phlebolg to visit if the disease is first suspected.
Most often, the disease manifests itself in the initial stage of progression by the appearance of slight leg fatigue after prolonged static load or after a long walk. In addition, a small amount of tissue swelling in the limbs occurs during this period.
The most common symptoms of the disorder appear at the end of the day and gradually go away with a long break. When these signs appear, it is necessary to consult a phlebologist and conduct special studies to identify and clarify the presence of pathology.
The use of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods allows us to identify the degree of development of the disease and make a decision on the use of a timely and appropriate course of treatment of the disease. As the disease progresses, it enters more advanced stages, which are characterized by the appearance of a spectrum of symptoms and signs characteristic of a progressive disease.
The following symptoms are characteristic of advanced stages of the pathology:
Further progression of the disease leads to the appearance of small wounds, which for a long time cannot heal, and then turn into trophic ulcers.
Without adequate and timely treatment, the development of the disease can be fatal for the patient. The progression of varicose veins leads to a gradual deformation of muscle structures and the appearance of negative changes in skin and bone mass.
With prolonged progression, the patient will develop signs of eczema and form trophic ulcers that can turn into gangrene. Which leads to sepsis or death.
In the venous vessels affected by varicose veins, the process of thrombus formation develops. As a result of this process, the thrombus that has formed can break off and be transported through the circulatory system.
When a blood clot gets into the pulmonary artery, it becomes blocked and a person dies.
An experienced phlebologist can determine the presence of varicose veins of the lower extremities based on characteristic symptoms, which are also clearly visible in the photo of the legs. However, methods of treating the disease are selected individually after a detailed examination of the patient and taking into account all the individual characteristics of his body.
Laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods are used to identify the presence and stage of development of the disease. Laboratory methods include a general analysis of blood and urine.
The most common method of instrumental diagnostics is the ultrasound examination of the venous vessels of the legs. This technique allows you to visualize the vasculature and determine the progress of the pathological process.
In addition, the attending physician will prescribe the following if necessary:
The use of venous occlusive plethysmography makes it possible to reveal the volume of blood in the veins of the lower extremities.
Only after a comprehensive examination and receipt of the results is the patient assigned a suitable course of treatment.
Modern medicine offers different options for treating the disease - medication, non-medication, and surgical.
At the same time, after consulting the attending physician, you can use the methods of non-traditional and alternative treatment at home.
Surgical interventions are the most reliable way to treat the disease. The use of drug therapy in the form of tablets, special ointments and gels for external use can play a complementary role and is indeed supportive therapy.
The use of drug therapy involves the use of different types of drugs during treatment - anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, venotonic and fibrinolytic effects
Anticoagulants thin the blood and prevent blood clots from forming. Anti-inflammatory drugs help relieve inflammatory processes in the walls of the venous vessels. Venotonics help increase the tone of the vein walls, and fibrinolytics help break down small clots and clear the venous bed.
Thanks to the use of drugs, most often the disappearance of such a manifestation of the disease as edema is observed, in addition, an improvement in the condition of the superficial skin is observed. The main condition for the use of drugs is strict compliance with the recommendations of the doctor and compliance with the dosages of the drugs taken.
For complete healing of varicose veins, it is recommended to perform an operation.
In addition, surgical methods are used if there is no positive dynamic during drug therapy.
The most common methods of surgical treatment of pathology are:
In sclerotherapy, special substances are used during the procedure - sclerosing agents that are injected into the lumen of the affected vein and cause the walls of the vessels to adhere. This procedure allows you to remove the venous vessel from the circulatory system, which will prevent the development of pathology. This technique is very rarely used for serious violations.
Phlebectomy consists of removing the affected area of the venous vessel. Most often this method is used to identify lesions of superficial veins, but in some cases it is applicable in the treatment of deep venous vessels of the extremities.
Laser coagulation is a type of minimally invasive surgical procedure and is carried out with a laser. It allows you to remove the affected area of the vein from the circulatory system by taping the walls under the action of laser radiation. This method of treatment has received the most positive reviews from patients because it is virtually painless and does not require a long recovery period.
The use of surgical methods of treatment allows you to completely get rid of the symptoms characteristic of varicose veins. And the choice of surgical technique depends on the degree of development of the pathology, the individual characteristics of the patient and is carried out by the attending physician.